For many, traveling brings excitement. But it also comes with its fair share of stress. The idea of adding a pet into that equation? It tends to divide opinions. Some travelers see it as an extra burden. Others, however, view their pets as essential companions—especially those who depend on them for emotional comfort or medical alerts. Regardless of which side one finds themselves on, one thing is clear: the sight of cats and dogs at airports has become increasingly common.

The Deep Bond Between People and Pets

Pets, over time, often become more than just animals in the home. They evolve into family members, silent companions, and loyal protectors. They are loved deeply and missed dearly. So, when vacations or trips come up, leaving them behind is not always easy. For some, it’s even unthinkable. Especially for those who rely on their animals for physical or emotional support, traveling without them simply isn’t an option.

In earlier times, pets traveling with their owners were typically placed in carriers and checked as cargo. They were loaded beneath the plane, confined to the luggage compartment, and later retrieved at the baggage carousel like a suitcase. Though reports of serious incidents in cargo have remained rare, many pet owners continue to feel uneasy about sending their beloved animals below deck. Concerns often mirror those felt for a child: Will they be scared? Are they safe? Do they understand what’s happening?

For others, the stakes are even higher. Certain pets are not just companions—they’re medical guardians. Dogs trained to detect low blood sugar, seizures, or heart complications are relied upon for their lifesaving abilities. Their presence is essential. Not optional. Because of situations like these, conversations around allowing pets in airplane cabins have become more serious. And over time, many airlines have come to recognize this growing need.

A Shift in Airline Policies

By the close of 2023, the demand for in-cabin pet accommodations had risen so significantly that more than 20 airlines around the globe had altered their policies. Doors—once tightly closed to animals—were now being opened to four-legged friends.

Among the airlines leading this change are Air Canada, Delta, TAP Air Portugal, Lufthansa, French Bee, and United Airlines. Each one, though, has established its own set of guidelines. Factors like breed, age, and size are often part of the requirements. For instance, when traveling with a puppy, some carriers insist that the dog must be at least eight weeks old. Others, however, have pushed that minimum age up to twelve weeks.

In United Airlines’ case, there are no restrictions related to breed or weight. Still, pets must be placed in a hard or soft carrier, which must fit snugly beneath the seat ahead. In contrast, certified service animals are allowed to remain outside a carrier. In some instances, they’re even provided with their own seat.

While many rules have been relaxed, not all animals are treated the same under these updated policies. Emotional support animals, for example, are usually not categorized as service animals. They are allowed to travel, but only under the “pet” classification. That means they can sit in the cabin, but only if they meet all the airline’s pet-specific requirements.

Emotional Support vs. Medical Service Animals

There’s a fine line that separates emotional support animals from certified service animals. Both offer comfort. But one does so in a medically recognized way. Service animals are trained for specific tasks—like alerting to seizures, fetching medication, or assisting with mobility. Their training is extensive. Their presence is vital.

By contrast, emotional support animals offer psychological comfort. For many, especially those suffering from anxiety or phobias, their pet serves as a calming presence. In fact, it’s estimated that around 25 million adults experience aerophobia, or a fear of flying. For them, having their pet nearby makes the experience bearable.

Still, airlines tend to draw a line. If a pet isn’t trained to perform specific medical tasks, it usually won’t be granted the same privileges as a certified service animal. While this has caused frustration for some, it has also helped prevent abuse of the system.

In the past, concerns were raised about passengers mislabeling their pets as service animals. In 2019, a traveler told USA TODAY that he’d been on a flight where a so-called service dog seemed to be doing nothing but enjoying a free trip. “I love dogs and understand some people have special needs,” he said, “but after watching it, I’m not sure what support it provided the owner.”

Opinions like these continue to shape policy. While efforts are made to accommodate pet owners, considerations must also be given to passengers who have allergies, fears, or discomfort around animals.

Planning a Pet-Friendly Journey

For those determined to bring their furry friends along, a bit of preparation goes a long way. Travel, especially air travel, can be confusing and distressing for animals. That’s why evaluating a pet’s ability to cope is a vital first step.

If anxiety is a concern, calming remedies may help. Some pet owners turn to herbal supplements or CBD-based treatments. Others pack a favorite blanket or toy. Familiar smells can offer surprising comfort. Shorter flights are also recommended, as pets—like people—need bathroom breaks.

Cost is another factor that shouldn’t be overlooked. Traveling with a pet is rarely cheap. Vet visits are often required to confirm health status and ensure vaccinations are up to date. In some cases, prescriptions for anti-anxiety medication might be necessary. Then there are travel accessories: leashes, waste bags, travel bowls, food, treats, and carriers. The list can grow quickly.

Clayton Lopez, a frequent flyer, shared his experience traveling with his two cats. The total expense, he claimed, was “outrageous.” To make matters worse, the cats seemed stressed the entire time. “They were less happy than if they’d just stayed home,” he admitted.

What Airlines Are Currently Allowing Cabin Pets?

While the rules vary slightly, the following airlines have allowed dogs and cats in the cabin as of late 2023:

• Delta Airlines: Allows small dogs, cats, and household birds in the cabin on most flights within the U.S.
• United Airlines: Permits small pets in the cabin if they are in an approved carrier under the seat.
• Air Canada: Accepts small cats and dogs in the cabin; pets must stay in their carrier.
• TAP Air Portugal: Allows dogs and cats under 8 kg (including carrier) in the cabin.
• Lufthansa: Accommodates small cats and dogs in the cabin for most flights.
• French Bee: Welcomes small pets in-cabin with specific carrier guidelines

Traveling with pets is no longer a novelty. It’s becoming more accepted, more regulated, and—thankfully—more comfortable. That said, traveling with a pet still comes with responsibility. The wellbeing of the animal, fellow passengers, and even the crew must all be considered.

When the right steps are taken, flying with a pet can be a smooth and even enjoyable experience. But it demands foresight, patience, and a willingness to adapt. With more airlines making space for animals in the cabin, options are growing. And with the right preparation, so is the chance to create unforgettable memories—with your furry friend by your side.