Leech therapy, also known as hirudotherapy, is an ancient medical practice that involves using medicinal leeches to treat various health conditions. The therapy dates back thousands of years and was widely used in ancient Egypt, Greece, and India. Today, it is experiencing a revival in modern medicine, particularly in microsurgery and plastic surgery.

Leeches used in therapy secrete saliva that contains a complex mix of enzymes and anticoagulants, such as hirudin, which helps improve blood circulation, reduce clotting, and relieve pressure in congested tissues. This has proven especially beneficial in reattaching severed body parts, treating varicose veins, and promoting wound healing.

Despite its historical roots, leech therapy is now being studied scientifically and is regulated in many countries. When applied under sterile and controlled conditions, it is considered safe and effective for selected medical purposes.